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Voyage details and related metadata, reports, events and data.

IN2021_V02    - is a Marine National Facility voyage

Title: SOTS: Southern Ocean Time Series automated moorings for climate and carbon cycle studies southwest of Tasmania

Voyage details on MNF site: https://mnf.csiro.au/en/Voyages/IN2021_V02

Period: 2021-04-14 07:30 to 2021-04-27 21:50 UTC

Duration: 13.60 days

From: Hobart To: Hobart

Region: Southern Ocean

Ship: Investigator (RV) [details]

Description: The Southern Ocean has a predominant role in the movement of heat and carbon dioxide into the ocean interior moderating Earth’s average surface climate. The IMOS SOTS sub-facility uses a set of two automated moorings to measure these processes under extreme conditions, where they are most intense and have been least studied. The atmosphere-ocean exchanges occur on many timescales, from daily insolation cycles to ocean basin decadal oscillations and thus high frequency observations sustained over many years are required. The current context of anthropogenic forcing of rapid climate change adds urgency to the work. The primary objective is to first deploy a new set of SOTS moorings (SOFS-9 and SAZ-22) and then recover the existing SOTS moorings (SOFS-8 and SAZ-21). Each of the SOTS moorings delivers to specific aspects of the atmosphere-ocean exchanges: • the SAZ sediment trap mooring collects samples to quantify the transfer of carbon and other nutrients to the ocean interior by sinking particles and investigate their ecological controls. • the Southern Ocean Flux Station (SOFS) mooring measures meteorological and ocean properties important to air-sea exchanges, ocean stratification, waves, currents and biological productivity and ecosystem structure. Water samples are collected for more detailed nutrient and plankton investigations after recovery. Ancillary work will obtain supporting information on atmospheric and oceanographic conditions using CTD casts, underway measurements, Triaxus towed body, Continuous Plankton Recorder and autonomous profiling Biogeochemical-Argo floats, and potentially casts of a bio-optical sensor package.

Leader: Dr Shadwick (ACE CRC)

Projects:

  • SOTS: Southern Ocean Time Series automated moorings for climate and carbon cycle studies southwest of Tasmania [details] Primary

  • Bongo net system trials [details] Supplementary

  • Estimates of silica production within mixed phytoplankton communities along a latitudinal gradient of Eastern Australia. [details] Supplementary

  • Oceans & Atmosphere tests and upgrades [details] Supplementary

  • Quantification of dust deposition to the ocean using thorium isotopes in seawater and aerosol sampling. [details] Supplementary

  • IMOS Australian Continuous Plankton Recorder (AusCPR) survey [details] Piggy-back


Underway data from NRUD - see this voyage
Voyage extents: 47° 56.1' S to 42° 53.1' S    140° 50.7' E to 147° 34.4' E Get voyage track shapefile Get CSV


Marlin Metadata:-

  • IMOS - AusCPR: Phytoplankton Abundance [details]

  • IMOS - AusCPR: Zooplankton Abundance [details]

  • IMOS Bio-Acoustic Ships of Opportunity (BA SOOP) Sub-Facility [details]

  • RV Investigator Radon Data - Selected Voyages (2014 onwards) [details]

  • RV Investigator Sea Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Data - Selected Voyages (2014 onwards) [details]

  • RV Investigator Voyage IN2021_V02 ADCP Data [details]

  • RV Investigator Voyage IN2021_V02 CTD Data [details]

  • RV Investigator Voyage IN2021_V02 EK80/EK60 Echosounder [details]

  • RV Investigator Voyage IN2021_V02 EM122 Multibeam Echosounder Data [details]

  • RV Investigator Voyage IN2021_V02 EM710 MKII Multibeam Echosounder Data [details]

  • RV Investigator Voyage IN2021_V02 End of Voyage (EOV) Archive [details]

  • RV Investigator Voyage IN2021_V02 Gravity Data [details]

  • RV Investigator Voyage IN2021_V02 Hydrology Data [details]

  • RV Investigator Voyage IN2021_V02 SBP120 Sub-bottom Profiler Data [details]

  • RV Investigator Voyage IN2021_V02 Underway UWY Data [details]

  • RV Investigator Voyage IN2021_V02 XBT Data [details]

  • Metadata from OBIS Australia datasets:- biological data is published via the OBIS-AU IPT server and delivered to one or more of OBIS, ALA and GBIF

  • IMOS - Phytoplankton Abundance and Biovolume (CPR), Australia (2007 to present)

    Download from OBIS Australia IPT View at - Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS)    Atlas of Living Australia (ALA)    GBIF

  • Cruise Summary Report at SeaDataNet:-

  • View Cruise Summary Report at https://csr.seadatanet.org
  • Participants - on ship:-

    NameRoleOrganisation Project
    Craig Neill Supplementary Project CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere - Hobart Oceans & Atmosphere tests and upgrades
    Elizabeth Shadwick Chief Scientist CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere - Hobart SOTS: Southern Ocean Time Series automated moorings for climate and carbon cycle studies southwest of Tasmania
    Eric Schulz Alt Chief Scientist Bureau of Meteorology SOTS: Southern Ocean Time Series automated moorings for climate and carbon cycle studies southwest of Tasmania

    Participants - shore based:-

    NameRoleOrganisation Project
    Katherina Petrou Silica Production suppl. project University of Technology, Sydney Estimates of silica production within mixed phytoplankton communities along a latitudinal gradient of Eastern Australia.
    Zanna Chase Dust deposition suppl. project University of Tasmania Quantification of dust deposition to the ocean using thorium isotopes in seawater and aerosol sampling.

    This list includes those that may have only been on part of the voyage. See voyage reports on 'Reports and Maps' tab for details.

    Marine National Facility Reports - plans, summaries and data processing

    Publications, reports and datasets from this voyage.

    Dataset

    • Shadwick, Elizabeth; Vandenbossche, Phil; Boyd, Matt; Navidad, Cisco; Gifford, Davina (2023): IN2021_V02 Southern Ocean Time Series Bathymetry 10m - 210m Multi-resolution AusSeabed products. v1. CSIRO. Data Collection.     10.25919/xqpt-9j87

    • Tilbrook, Bronte; Neill, Craig; Akl, John (2022). Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS) sea surface and atmospheric fCO2 measurements in the Southern Ocean, South Pacific, Indian Ocean onboard R/V Investigator in 2021 (NCEI Accession 0253535). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset.     10.25921/thsr-dd03

    IPT Resource

    • IMOS - Phytoplankton Abundance and Biovolume (CPR), Australia (2007 to present) (Darwin Core Archive)     External link to reference

    Journal Article

    • Boss, Emmanuel,Waite, Anya M.,Karstensen, Johannes,Trull, Tom,Muller-Karger, Frank,Sosik, Heidi M.,Uitz, Julia,Acinas, Silvia G.,Fennel, Katja,Berman-Frank, Ilana,Thomalla, Sandy,Yamazaki, Hidekatsu,Batten, Sonia,Gregori, Gerald,Richardson, Anthony J.,Wanninkhof, Rik (2022) Recommendations for Plankton Measurements on OceanSITES Moorings With Relevance to Other Observing Sites. Frontiers in Marine Science 9 pp-.     10.3389/fmars.2022.929436

    • Shadwick, Elizabeth,Rigual-Hernández, Andrés,Eriksen, Ruth,Jansen, Peter,Davies, Diana,Wynn-Edwards, Cathryn,Sutton, Adrienne,Schallenberg, Christina,Trull, Thomas (2021) Changes in Southern Ocean Biogeochemistry and the Potential Impact on pH-Sensitive Planktonic Organisms. Oceanography pp14-15.     10.5670/oceanog.2021.supplement.02-06

    • Traill, Christopher D.,Rohr, Tyler,Shadwick, Elizabeth,Schallenberg, Christina,Ellwood, Michael,Bowie, Andrew (2025) Coupling Between the Subantarctic Seasonal Iron Cycle and Productivity at the Southern Ocean Time Series (SOTS). AGU Advances 6 pp-.     10.1029/2024av001599

    • Voermans, Joey J.,Babanin, Alexander V.,Skvortsov, Alexei T.,Kirezci, Cagil,Gamaleldin, Muhannad W.,Rapizo, Henrique,Pezzi, Luciano P.,Santini, Marcelo F.,Heil, Petra (2024) Anomalous Diffusion by Ocean Waves and Eddies. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12 pp2036-.     10.3390/jmse12112036

    • Wynn-Edwards, Cathryn Ann,Shadwick, Elizabeth H.,Jansen, Peter,Schallenberg, Christina,Maurer, Tanya Lea,Sutton, Adrienne J. (2023) Subantarctic pCO2 estimated from a biogeochemical float: comparison with moored observations reinforces the importance of spatial and temporal variability. Frontiers in Marine Science 10 pp-.     10.3389/fmars.2023.1231953

    • Yang, X., Wynn-Edwards, C. A., Strutton, P. G., & Shadwick, E. H. (2024). (2024). Drivers of air-sea CO2 flux in the subantarctic zone revealed by time series observations. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 38: 18     10.1029/2023GB007766

    • Yang, Xiang,Wynn‐Edwards, Cathryn A.,Strutton, Peter G.,Shadwick, Elizabeth H. (2024) Carbon Export in the Subantarctic Zone Revealed by Multi‐Year Observations From Biogeochemical‐Argo Floats and Sediment Traps. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 38 pp-.     10.1029/2024GB008135

    Preprint

    • Shadwick, E. H., Wynn-Edwards, C. A., Eriksen, R. S., Jansen, P., Yang, X., Woodward, G., and Davies, D.: The Southern Ocean Time Series: A climatological view of hydrography, biogeochemistry, phytoplankton community composition, and carbon export in the Subantarctic Zone, EGUsphere [preprint], 2024.     10.5194/egusphere-2024-3887

    Report

    • Cathryn A. Wynn-Edwards, Diana M. Davies, Peter Jansen, Thomas W. Trull, Shadwick, EH (2022) Southern Ocean Time Series. SOTS Annual Reports: 2020/2021. Report 1. Overview. Version 1.0 CSIRO, Australia.     10.26198/wsf3-9r77

    Search for publications, reports and datasets from this and other voyages

    Data publishing

    This is a list of online datasets hosted by CSIRO. Other processed datasets hosted by collaborating organisations may be found on the 'Metadata' or "Reports, Publications and Maps' tab.
    Use the Get data link on the right to extract data using the NCMI Data Trawler.

    Data StreamData SummaryGet data
    ADCP Data
    Time (UTC): 2021-04-14 11:37 to 2021-04-27 22:15
    Latitude: -47.93 to -42.89
    Longitude: 140.84 to 147.56
    Ensembles: 6,753
    Get Data from Trawler

    Download the 5 minute ADCP Data (NetCDF format)

    Download overview plots of collected OS75nb ADCP data

    Download overview plots of collected OS150nb ADCP data

    Download the 5 minute ADCP Data (NetCDF format)

    Marine biodiversity observations and/or samples
    Time (UTC): 2021-04-15 09:11 to 2021-04-16 11:28
    Latitude: -46.30 to -44.22
    Longitude: 142.52 to 146.20
    Depth range: 0 to 5 m
    Occurrences: 260
    Taxa count: 35
    Get Data from Trawler

    CTD profile
    Time (UTC): 2021-04-16 22:25 to 2021-04-26 06:11
    Latitude: -47.00 to -46.82
    Longitude: 141.70 to 142.21
    Quantity: 6 Casts
    Max Pressure: 4541 db
    Get Data from Trawler

    Download the CTD Data (NetCDF format)

    Download the CTD Data (CSV format)

    Download the CTD Data (Matlab format)

    Hydrology
    Time (UTC): 2021-04-16 22:25 to 2021-04-26 06:11
    Latitude: -47.00 to -46.82
    Longitude: 141.70 to 142.21
    Quantity: 6 Casts
    Max Pressure: 4541 db
    Get Data from Trawler

    Download the Hydro Experimental Samples (csv) format

    Download the Hydro Deployments (CSV)

    Download the Hydro Deployments (NetCDF)

    Download the Hydrology TSG samples (CSV)

    Download the Hydro underway samples (csv)

    Download the Elogs

    Multibeam echosounder
    Time (UTC): 2021-04-14 01:30 to 2021-04-27 16:33
    Latitude: -47.93 to -42.89
    Longitude: 140.85 to 147.53
    Datafiles: 218
    Total size: 16.43 Gb
    Get Data from Trawler

    pCO2
    Time (UTC): 2021-04-14 12:56 to 2021-04-27 19:27
    Latitude: -47.91 to -43.04
    Longitude: 140.84 to 147.56
    Observations: 11032
    External link - download datafile at IMOS
    Data fields and units document (.pdf)

    Radon measurements No data in database Get Data from Trawler

    Download RV Investigator Radon dataset (XLSX)

    Sub-bottom profiler
    Time (UTC): 2021-04-15 08:56 to 2021-04-28 14:21
    Latitude: -47.93 to 0.00
    Longitude: 140.85 to 147.57
    Datafiles: 1190
    Total size: 4.48 Gb
    Get Data from Trawler

    Geophysical Survey and Mapping data acquisition and processing report

    Singlebeam echosounder
    Time (UTC): 2021-04-14 08:54 to 2021-04-28 14:21
    Latitude: -47.93 to -42.93
    Longitude: 140.85 to 147.57
    Get Data from Trawler

    Geophysical Survey and Mapping acquisition report

    SOOP Bio-acoustics
    Time (UTC): 2021-04-15 00:15 to 2021-04-27 09:36
    Transects: 3
    External link
    NetCDF Data Format: Manual Download

    Underway
    Time (UTC): 2021-04-14 07:30 to 2021-04-27 21:50
    Latitude: -47.93 to -42.88
    Longitude: 140.84 to 147.57
    Track length: 2544.652 km
    Locations: 234,507
    Measurements: 16,415,490
    Get Data from Trawler

    Download the 1 minute csv data

    Download the 10 second csv data

    Download the 5 minute csv data

    Download the 5 second csv data

    Download the 5 second netcdf data

    Bottle measurements for the TSG calibration (csv)

    XBT Profile
    Time (UTC): 2021-04-25 09:21 to 2021-04-26 22:02
    Latitude: -47.04 to -45.26
    Longitude: 142.18 to 144.49
    Quantity: 9 Casts
    Max Pressure: 1100.3 db
    Get Data from Trawler

    Geophysical Survey and Mapping data acquisition and processing report

    ID When (UTC) Lat Long Instrument Identifier Action Log Subject / Comment

    Deployments by start time:- Click on column header to sort. Use link on 'Deployment' to see full details. Use the CSV button at the bottom to export data (tab delimited).

    Search for deployments from this voyage and others

    Deployment OperationStationCastGearProject Start and end timesStart LocationEnd LocationDepth rangeMax DepthDescription
    Underway System [details]   Air Sampling Inlet Mode,Air Temperature Sensor - ROTRONIC T&RH HC2A-S3,Air Temperature Sensor - ROTRONIC T&RH HC2A-S3,Air Temperature Sensor - ROTRONIC T&RH HC2A-S3,Air Temperature Sensor - ROTRONIC T&RH HC2A-S3,Burket Flow meter,Burket Flow meter,CSIRO Hobart pCO2,CSIRO Hobart pCO2,CSIRO Hobart pCO2,CSIRO Hobart pCO2,CSIRO Hobart pCO2,CSIRO Hobart pCO2,CSIRO Hobart pCO2,CSIRO Hobart pCO2,CSIRO Hobart pCO2,CSIRO Hobart pCO2,CSIRO air sampling inlet,CSIRO air sampling inlet,Depth: TECHSAS-DERIVED. For more information contact the Data Acquisition and Processing group.,Fluorometer,Fluorometer Concentration,Gyrocompass,IMOS Port Pyranometer-SN 29125F3,IMOS Port Radiometer-SN 29140F3,IMOS Stbd Pyranometer-SN 35123F3,IMOS Stbd Radiometer-SN 35111F3,IMOS wind monitor,IMOS wind monitor,IMOS wind monitor,IMOS wind monitor,ISAR SST,Kobold MIK-C Flow meter,Kobold MIK-C Fluorometer Flow Meter,Kongsberg Maritime Skipper DL850 doppler log,Kongsberg Maritime Skipper DL850 doppler log,Kongsberg Maritime Skipper DL850 doppler log,Kongsberg Maritime Skipper DL850 doppler log,Kongsberg Maritime Skipper DL850 doppler log,Kongsberg Maritime Skipper DL850 doppler log,LI-COR LI-190R Quantum Sensor,LI-COR LI-190R Quantum Sensor,MAAP Status,Multiangle Absorption Photometer (MAAP),Multiangle Absorption Photometer (MAAP),Optode Dissolved Oxygen Concentration,Optode Dissolved Oxygen Saturation,Optode Water Temperature,Ozone Monitor RVT1,Ozone Monitor RVT1,Ozone Monitor RVT2,Ozone Monitor RVT2,Picarro Greenhouse Gas Spectrometer CO2,CH4,H2o,Picarro Greenhouse Gas Spectrometer CO2,CH4,H2o,Picarro Greenhouse Gas Spectrometer CO2,CH4,H2o,Port Rain Gauge,Port drop keel sensor,RM Young 05106 wind monitor,RM Young Wind Sensor Type 05106,RM Young Wind Sensor Type 05106,RM Young Wind Sensor Type 05106,RM Young Wind Sensor Type 05106,RM Young Wind Sensor Type 05106,RM Young Wind Sensor Type 05106,RM Young Wind Sensor Type 05106,RM Young Wind Sensor Type 05106,Remote Temperature (T) - SN 671,Seapath 330+,Seapath 330+,Seapath 330+,Seapath 330+,Starboard Rain Gauge,Starboard drop keel sensor,ThermoSalinoGraph (TSG)-SN 3439,ThermoSalinoGraph (TSG)-SN 3439,Vaisala Ship's Barometer PTB330 2021-04-14 08:05 2021-04-27 21:47 -42.8864 147.3388
    ADCP Data [details]   Teledyne RDI ADCP 75 kHz 2549 2021-04-14 11:37 2021-04-27 22:15 -43.3629 147.4954 -42.8864 147.3388 782
    CTD Cast / Hydrology [details]   Cast 1 Autosal Salinometer,CTD 24 - SN 1332,Chlorophyll - CTD 24 - Wetlabs ECO,Conductivity CTD 24 - SN 4773,Licor - CTD 24 - SN 70111,Oxygen CTD 24-SBE 43-SN 3155,Pressure CTD 24,SCRIPPS Automated Photometric Oxygen System,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,Scattering - CTD 24 - WET Labs ECO FLNTU,Temperature CTD 24 - SN 6180,Transmissometer - CTD 24 -CST-2009DR 2021-04-16 22:25 2021-04-16 23:18 -46.9833 141.8896 0
    CTD Cast / Hydrology [details]   Cast 2 Autosal Salinometer,CTD 24 - SN 1332,Chlorophyll - CTD 24 - Wetlabs ECO,Conductivity CTD 24 - SN 4773,Licor - CTD 24 - SN 70111,Oxygen CTD 24-SBE 43-SN 3155,Pressure CTD 24,SCRIPPS Automated Photometric Oxygen System,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,Scattering - CTD 24 - WET Labs ECO FLNTU,Temperature CTD 24 - SN 6180,Transmissometer - CTD 24 -CST-2009DR 2021-04-17 00:50 2021-04-17 03:09 -46.9864 141.8896 0
    CTD Cast / Hydrology [details]   Cast 3 Autosal Salinometer,CTD 24 - SN 1332,Chlorophyll - CTD 24 - Wetlabs ECO,Conductivity CTD 24 - SN 4773,Licor - CTD 24 - SN 70111,Oxygen CTD 24-SBE 43-SN 3155,Pressure CTD 24,SCRIPPS Automated Photometric Oxygen System,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,Scattering - CTD 24 - WET Labs ECO FLNTU,Temperature CTD 24 - SN 6180,Transmissometer - CTD 24 -CST-2009DR 2021-04-17 06:39 2021-04-17 10:24 -46.9229 141.9376 0
    CTD Cast / Hydrology [details]   Cast 4 Autosal Salinometer,CTD 24 - SN 1332,Chlorophyll - CTD 24 - Wetlabs ECO,Conductivity CTD 24 - SN 4773,Licor - CTD 24 - SN 70111,Oxygen CTD 24-SBE 43-SN 3155,Pressure CTD 24,SCRIPPS Automated Photometric Oxygen System,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,Scattering - CTD 24 - WET Labs ECO FLNTU,Temperature CTD 24 - SN 6180,Transmissometer - CTD 24 -CST-2009DR 2021-04-18 04:11 2021-04-18 05:54 -46.9952 141.9063 0
    CTD Cast / Hydrology [details]   Cast 5 Autosal Salinometer,CTD 24 - SN 1332,Chlorophyll - CTD 24 - Wetlabs ECO,Conductivity CTD 24 - SN 4773,Licor - CTD 24 - SN 70111,Oxygen CTD 24-SBE 43-SN 3155,Pressure CTD 24,SCRIPPS Automated Photometric Oxygen System,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR,Scattering - CTD 24 - WET Labs ECO FLNTU,Temperature CTD 24 - SN 6180,Transmissometer - CTD 24 -CST-2009DR 2021-04-20 10:20 2021-04-20 10:58 -46.9987 142.2128 0
    XBT Cast [details]   2391 2021-04-25 09:21 1100.3
    XBT Cast [details]   2391 2021-04-25 09:38 1100.3
    CTD Cast / Hydrology [details]   Cast 6 Autosal Salinometer,CTD 24 - SN 1332,Chlorophyll - CTD 24 - Wetlabs ECO,Conductivity CTD 24 - SN 4773,Licor - CTD 24 - SN 70111,Oxygen CTD 24-SBE 43-SN 3155,Pressure CTD 24,SCRIPPS Automated Photometric Oxygen System,Scattering - CTD 24 - WET Labs ECO FLNTU,Temperature CTD 24 - SN 6180,Transmissometer - CTD 24 -CST-2009DR 2021-04-26 05:16 2021-04-26 06:11 -46.8249 141.7044 0
    XBT Cast [details]   2391 2021-04-26 12:22 1100.3
    XBT Cast [details]   2391 2021-04-26 14:19 982.5
    XBT Cast [details]   2391 2021-04-26 14:23 1100.3
    XBT Cast [details]   2391 2021-04-26 16:05 1010.6
    XBT Cast [details]   2391 2021-04-26 18:16 1020.1
    XBT Cast [details]   2391 2021-04-26 20:13 1036.2
    XBT Cast [details]   2391 2021-04-26 22:02 1058.8

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